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KMID : 0353019750120020281
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Korean Journal of Public Health
1975 Volume.12 No. 2 p.281 ~ p.294
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A Study on the Nursing Activites of Staff Nurses in a Hospital
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Abstract
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A study on day time nursing activities of staff nurses was carried out during the period of August 4-29, 1975 in the in-patient unit of Inchon Provincial Hospital. For this study total twelve nurses who were engaged in the two wards (ward 5 and 9) were selected, and each nurse was observed for one week period from Monday through Friday.
For a Time study employed in this study, 6 nursing students worked as the observer after the special training prior to the study. The results of the observations were recorded on a special form which was developed by the author with some modification for the forms suggested by Verhonick(Form 4, Descriptive Study Method in Nursing) and Roberts (Form 3032, W.H.O. P.H. No.21)
The following results were obtained.
1. Activities by Area of Nursing
(1) Patient-centered activities occupied 68% of the total activities which include direct care, 24% and indirect care, 44%. Among the direct care "carry out nursing procedures" occupied 62% with the highest proportion, and "preparation medication, treatment tray, laboratory specimen and operation" occupied 28% with the highest of all indirect care, "listening to complains, interpreting procedures, observing, teaching patient, talking with patient, reading chart, preparation of a nursing care plan and discussing of patient care" which seems to be most important functions of the comprehensive nursing care occupied only 10% of the patient-centered activities. These activities were desired to be strengthened.
(2) Personnel-centered activities occupied 4% of the total activities. Activities involving "giving or receiving instructioe, staff meeting and talking with hospital personnels about management of unit" showed insignificant.
(3) Unit-centered activities occupied 5% of the total activities.
(4) Other activities occupied 23% of the total activities, of which 13% were for rest and personal time and 10% for meal time.
2. Activities by Level of Skill
Professional activities occupied 70%, 7% for non-professional activities and 23% for unclassified activities. Among the professional activities which constitute 70% of the total activities 20% were for administrative activities, and 50% for nursing activities. Non-professional activities (7%) included 4% for housekeeping activities, and 3% for clerical activities. Messenger and dietary activities showed insignificant.
3. Activities for Patient Teaching
(1) Teaching activities occupied 1% of total activities, which cover 1.6% of patient-centered activites. The range of time spent for patient teaching by nurses varied from 2.9%, highest to 0.3%, lowest.
(2) Area of teaching: 85.1% Hospitalization and nursing care, 11.9% dischaige and home care and 3.0% miscellaneous.
(3) Method of teaching: 89.4% Conversation, 7% lecture and 4% demonstration.
(4) Planned or not planned: 93% Not planned and 7% planned.
(5) Regarding the reasons for not having patient teaching at the hospital, the main resons answered by nurses were inability to teach so that patient could understand, lack of knowledge about teaching method and skill, lack of responsibility and lack of emphasis placed upon teaching by nursing service personnel.
According to the present study, it was observed that majority of nursing care which are not required professional skill but used to be an activities of professional nurse, were gradually taken over by nurse-aids.
It would be logical that the patient-centered activities occupied majority of the total activities. However, the face that nurses spend little time for quality of nursing care, especially teaching activities.
It is suggested, therefore, that attention should be given to the improvement in quality of nursing care through regular studies and evaluation for administrative aspects of nursing activities, continuous in-service training and supervision, and effective educational programs for patients to get their maximum cooperation during their stay in the hospital.
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